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− | [[Image:Horace_Finaly.jpg|thumb|120px|'''Horace Finaly''' (1871-1945) [ |
+ | [[Image:Horace_Finaly.jpg|thumb|120px|'''Horace Finaly''' (1871-1945) [https://histoire.bnpparibas/wp-content/uploads/FRAHBNPP_11Fi90-e1434464865327.jpg]]] |
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+ | {{N|Finaly School Publications (Books and documents)|1}} |
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+ | == {{N|News|1}} == |
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+ | {|style="border:1px solid #418ade; margin-bottom:5px; padding:1px;" cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0 width=100% |
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+ | |- style="vertical-align:top;" |
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+ | | <video>130rBtZSBR0|300|200</video> |
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+ | | {{B|97% Owned - How is money created. Positive Money Cut|1}} |
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+ | 97% owned present serious research and verifiable evidence on our economic and financial system. This is the first documentary to tackle this issue from a UK-perspective and explains the inner workings of Central Banks and the Money creation process. |
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+ | When money drives almost all activity on the planet, it's essential that we understand it. Yet simple questions often get overlooked, questions like; where does money come from? Who creates it? Who decides how it gets used? And what does this mean for the millions of ordinary people who suffer when the monetary, and financial system, breaks down? |
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+ | '''YouTube''': [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=130rBtZSBR0 97% Owned - How is money created. Positive Money Cut] |
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+ | |} |
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+ | {|style="border:1px solid #418ade; margin-bottom:5px; padding:1px;" cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0 width=100% |
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+ | |- style="vertical-align:top;" |
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+ | | <video>WpFzlj6ChaI|300|200</video> |
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+ | | {{B|[[The telematic currency: an instrument for peace - 2009|The telematic currency: an instrument for peace - 2009]]|1}} |
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+ | Without cash, we would live in a much more secure environment. There would be less violent and more social cohesion, since the main attractive for illegal activities would disappear. The telematic implies great hope for all the population on de planet as long as it is used as an instrument dedicated to preserve the liberty and information of all citizens. |
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+ | [[Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà]] (1911-2006) founder of the [http://www.bardina.org Joan Bardina Studies Center] (1984) and of the [http://www.finaly.org Finaly School] (1995), investigated and developed throughout his life this economic, scientific and rationalized system. |
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+ | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:La moneda telemàtica, una eina per la pau - 2009|(Català)]] [[:fes:La moneda telemática, un instrumento para la paz - 2009|(Español)]] [[:ffr:La monnaie télématique : Un instrument de paix - 2009|(Français)]] [[:fit:La moneta telematica: Uno strumento per la pace - 2009|(Italiano)]] |
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+ | |} |
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+ | {|style="border:1px solid #418ade; margin-bottom:5px; padding:1px;" cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0 width=100% |
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+ | |- style="vertical-align:top;" |
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+ | | <video>bRyvdvPRcLE|300|200</video> |
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+ | | {{B|45 Years Ago Today Richard Nixon Killed The Gold Standard - 08/15/1971|1}} |
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+ | 45 years ago today, on 08/15/1971, under pressure from the FEDERAL RESERVE, Nixon suspended the convertibility of the US dollar into gold. |
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+ | The Federal Reserve demanded this action TO PROTECT THE US DOLLAR FROM SPECULATORS. |
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+ | The value of the US dollar has been steadily falling ever since. |
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+ | Today our currency has a lower value than the Canadian dollar, or the Euro. |
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+ | Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixon_shock https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixon_shock] |
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+ | |} |
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== {{N|Collection [[Bullae]]|1}} == |
== {{N|Collection [[Bullae]]|1}} == |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:La plutarquia i altres relats|(Català)]] [[:fes:La plutarquía y otros relatos|(Español)]] [[:fit:La plutarchia e altri racconti|(Italiano)]] [[:fro:Despre plutrocaţie şi alte povestiri|(Română)]] |
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{{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[Horace Finaly|Horace Finaly]]''' |
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− | |'''[[An instrument to build peace|An Instrument to Build Peace]]''' |
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+ | |Alfred Colling |
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− | |[[Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà]] |
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+ | [[Image:Horace_Finaly_02.jpg|right|110px]] |
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+ | History of the banker Horace Finaly. |
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− | A text which proposes the use of modern technology to implant a universal electronic coinage which would favour world peace and tend to eliminate anonymous money. The connection between anonymous money and imperialism is also discussed. |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Horace Finaly|(Català)]] [[:fes:Horace Finaly|(Español)]] [[:ffr:Horace Finaly|(Français)]] [[:fro:Horace Finaly|(Română)]] |
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{{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[The earliest precursor of writing|The Earliest Precursor of Writing]]''' |
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− | |'''[[Essay|Essay on Currency, Market and Society]]''' |
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+ | |[[Denise Schmandt-Besserat]] |
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− | |[[Magdalena Grau i Figueras]] - [[Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà]] |
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[[Image:Bulla_small.jpg|right|130px]] |
[[Image:Bulla_small.jpg|right|130px]] |
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+ | Denise Schmandt-Besserat, suggest the hypothesis that these simple clay figurines represent the first currency in history. That that currency is a «note», a «bookkeeping entry», and that this opens the way to writing. |
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− | A book in which a new economic and political model is proposed, based on a transparent and responsible market, the minimisation of power over individuals and the creation of a society with less misery and corruption. |
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+ | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:El primer antecedent de l'escriptura|(Català)]] [[:fde:Vom ursprung der schrift|(Deutsch)]] [[:fes:El primer antecedente de la escritura|(Español)]] [[:ffr:Les plus anciens précurseurs de l'écriture|(Français)]] [[:fro:Primul antecedent al scrierii|(Română)]] |
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− | [[Image:Translation.png|30px]] [[:fca:Assaig|(Català)]] [[:fes:Ensayo|(Español)]] |
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{{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[Two precursors of writing: plain and complex tokens|Two Precursors of Writing: Plain and Complex Tokens]]''' |
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− | |'''[[Horace Finaly|Horace Finaly]]''' |
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+ | |[[Denise Schmandt-Besserat]] |
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− | |Alfred Colling |
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− | [[Image: |
+ | [[Image:Two_Precursors_of_Writing_Figure_04.jpg|right|150px]] |
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+ | Before the Sumerian writing system—the first script ever developed—was invented at the end of the fourth millennium B.C., accounting was practiced in the ancient Middle East by means of small counters. These were small tokens modeled in clay in different shapes, each symbolizing a particular commodity. The token system consisted of two kinds of tokens—«plain» and «complex». |
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− | History of the banker Horace Finaly. |
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+ | {{Itranslation}} [[:fes:Dos precursores de la escritura: cuentas simples y complejas|(Español)]] |
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− | [[Image:Translation.png|30px]] [[:fca:Horace Finaly|(Català)]] [[:fes:Horace Finaly|(Español)]] [[:ffr:Horace Finaly|(Français)]] |
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− | |'''[[ |
+ | |'''[[Reckoning before writing|Reckoning Before Writing]]''' |
|[[Denise Schmandt-Besserat]] |
|[[Denise Schmandt-Besserat]] |
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+ | [[Image:Reckoning_Before_Writing_Bulla_01.jpg|right|150px]] |
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+ | The tokens from Tepe Asiab may be considered an elaboration of a system of counting based on pebbles. The novelty was to use clay for the manufacture of the counters, permitting one to model the tokens into various shapes and to assign each form a particular meaning. Thus, the counters became a more precise memory aid since they not only conferred the quantity but also the specific nature of the commodities recorded. |
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− | Denise Schmand-Besserat advances the hypothesis that some simple figurines of clay represent the first currency of the history. That that currency is a «note», a «countable writing», a «settlement of newspaper», and that this opens step to the writing. |
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+ | }} |
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+ | {{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[The emergence of recording|The Emergence of Recording]]''' |
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+ | |[[Denise Schmandt-Besserat]] |
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+ | [[Image:Precursor_Writing_01.jpg|right|150px]] |
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+ | <br /> |
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+ | Tokens are small clay artifacts modeled in various shapes, mostly geometric. In previous publications, I wrote that tokens were used for recording prior to writing in the ancient Middle East. I suggested that each token shape stood for a precise quantity of a particular good such as "a peck of barley" or "a jar of oil". In this paper, I focus on the earliest assemblages of tokens and present the available data concerning where, when, and how the first tokens appear. Finally I identity factor(s) which may have been responsible for the emergence of recording. |
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+ | |||
+ | }} |
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+ | |||
+ | {{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[An instrument to build peace|An Instrument to Build Peace]]''' |
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+ | |[[Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà]] |
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+ | [[Image:An_instrument_peace.jpg|right|120px]] |
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+ | <br /> |
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+ | A text which proposes the use of modern technology to implant a universal electronic coinage which would favour world peace and tend to eliminate anonymous money. The connection between anonymous money and imperialism is also discussed. |
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+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Una eina per construir la pau|(Català)]] [[:fes:Un instrumento para construir la paz|(Español)]] [[:ffr:Un outil pour construire la paix|(Français)]] [[:fit:Uno strumento per costruire la pace|(Italiano)]] |
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+ | }} |
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+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {{Title_3 |
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+ | |'''[[Essay|Essay on Currency, Market and Society]]''' |
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+ | |[[Magdalena Grau i Figueras]] - [[Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà]] |
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+ | [[Image:Essay_on_currency_market_and_society.jpg|right|140px]] |
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+ | <br /> |
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+ | A book in which a new economic and political model is proposed, based on a transparent and responsible market, the minimisation of power over individuals and the creation of a society with less misery and corruption. |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Assaig|(Català)]] [[:fes:Ensayo|(Español)]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Notes Autobiogràfiques|(Català)]] [[:fde:Eine kurze Autobiographie|(Deutsch)]] [[:fes:Notas Autobiográficas|(Español)]] [[:feo:Aŭtobiografiaj notoj|(Esperanto)]] [[:ffr:Notes Autobiographiques|(Français)]] [[:fit:Note Autobiografiche|(Italiano)]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Moneda telemàtica|(Català)]] [[:fde:Telematische währung|(Deutsch)]] [[:fes:Moneda telemática|(Español)]] [[:ffr:Monnaie telematique|(Français)]] [[:fit:Moneta telematica|(Italiano)]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:El poder del diner|(Català)]] [[:fes:El poder del dinero|(Español)]] [[:fit:Il potere del denaro|(Italiano)]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Petita història de la moneda|(Català)]] [[:fde:Kleine geschichte des zahlungsmittels|(Deutsch)]] [[:fes:Pequeña historia de la moneda|(Español)]] [[:feo:Malgranda historio de la monero|(Esperanto)]] [[:ffr:Petite histoire de la monnaie|(Français)]] [[:fit:Breve storia della moneta|(Italiano)]] [[:fro:Scurtă istorie a monedei|(Română)]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:El capitalisme comunitari|(Català)]] [[:fde:Der gemeinschaftliche kapitalismus|(Deutsch)]] [[:fes:El capitalismo comunitario|(Español)]] [[:feo:La komunuma kapitalismo|(Esperanto)]] [[:ffr:Le capitalisme communautaire|(Français)]] [[:fit:Il capitalismo comunitario|(Italiano)]] [[:fro:Capitalismul comunitar|(Română)]] |
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[[Image:Maurice_Allais.jpg|right|110px]] |
[[Image:Maurice_Allais.jpg|right|110px]] |
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− | Communication presented/displayed by Agustí Chalaux de Subirà Saturday, 17 of February of 2001, in the seat of the Randa Foundation, in where the history of Capitalism is explained comunitari, its disappearance in please the monopoly of deprived Capitalism, and a proposal of the Nobel prize de Economy of the 1988, Maurice Allais, who can make resurge it. |
+ | Communication presented/displayed by Agustí Chalaux i de Subirà Saturday, 17 of February of 2001, in the seat of the Randa Foundation, in where the history of Capitalism is explained comunitari, its disappearance in please the monopoly of deprived Capitalism, and a proposal of the Nobel prize de Economy of the 1988, Maurice Allais, who can make resurge it. |
− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:fca:Història del capitalisme comunitari|(Català)]] [[:fes:Historia del capitalismo comunitario|(Español)]] |
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− | |'''[[Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas|Banque Paribas' |
+ | |'''[[Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas|Banque Paribas' history]]''' |
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[[Image:Horace_Finaly_02.jpg|right|110px]] |
[[Image:Horace_Finaly_02.jpg|right|110px]] |
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− | + | {{Itranslation}} [[:ffr:Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas|(Français)]] |
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[[Category:Translation]] |
[[Category:Translation]] |
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+ | [[Category:Videos]] |
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− | [[fca:Portada]] |
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− | [[fde:Hauptseite]] |
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− | [[fes:Portada]] |
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− | [[feo:Ĉefpaĝo]] |
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− | [[ffr:Accueil]] |
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− | [[fit:Pagina_principale]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:07, 26 March 2018
![]() Horace Finaly (1871-1945) [1]
Political and economical proposals about the possibility for creating money and community wealth for everybody.
Finaly School Publications (Books and documents)
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News
Collection Bullae
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